The Earth's interior is composed of four layers, three solid and one liquid—not magma but molten metal, nearly as hot as the surface of the sun. The deepest layer is a solid iron ball ...

It also plays a crucial role in mantle convection and the thermal evolution of the Earth, acting as a thermal and chemical ...

The Earth has a layered structure made up of the core, the mantle and the crust. Different elements are present in different parts of the Earth’s structure. The crust is made from enormous ...

Earth's crust today has a surprisingly similar composition to the planet's first outer shell, or "protocrust," new research ...

New research is reshaping how scientists understand the earliest days of Earth’s formation—suggesting that the deep interior ...

The Earth is made up of different layers: Therefore, instead of tectonic plates moving because of the convection currents, evidence suggests it is the plates that drive the convection. Slab pull ...

A recent study challenges previous geological assumptions, revealing that Earth's initial protocrust closely resembled the ...

Scientists have always been curious about the atmosphere surrounding us, but in the past, they could not just hop on a spaceship to see what was up there. Instead, scientists hiked up high ...

The experiments run by Newman and colleagues were actually extensions of an experiment that humans have been unwittingly running with the Earth for nearly a century. Humans have been depleting the ...

As their numbers multiplied and supplies of their chemical fuel were eaten ... The oxygen-rich ozone layer was also established, shielding the Earth's surface from harmful solar radiation.