Aluminum naturally forms an oxide layer on its surface when exposed to air. Anodizing in an electrolytic cell creates a thicker oxide layer that makes the part more resistant to corrosion and wear.

The battery polarizes the electrolytic cell, that is, the fine platinum wire is. covered with tiny bubbles of oxygen and then the resistance rises so high that the current is nearly reduced to zero.

Designing a proton-exchange membrane that will balance the efficiency, durability and safety requirements for hydrogen ...