Gold, while deemed valuable by humans, isn't that exciting as an element, being fairly unreactive ... This close to the atom, in order to not fall into it, they must zip around the nucleus at ...

Historically, attempts to create single-atom sheets of gold have been hindered due to ... between titanium and carbon. There was an element of serendipity to the creation of Goldene however ...

Everyone at that time imagined the atom as a "plum pudding ... emitted by the radioactive element radium) at a sheet of gold foil only 1/3000 of an inch thick, and tracing the particles' paths.

Gold is increasingly being used in nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is useful because it is not restricted to a particular material – any material could in principle be made into a nanomaterial.