The timing of a murmur is crucial to accurate diagnosis. A murmur is either systolic, diastolic or continuous throughout systole and diastole. Remember that systole occurs between the S1 and S2 ...

The murmur of a patent ductus arteriosus is continuous throughout systole and diastole. Often the S2 heart sound is difficult to detect. The murmur begins just after S1 and crescendos, peaks at S2 ...

Taussig noticed that "babies who had continuous murmurs were less blue than others." Cardiology: the Evolution of the Science and the Art is a gift to today's medical community from a physician ...